Journal title
عنوان نشریه
Journal of Geriatric Nursing
Literature & Humanities
http://jgn.medilam.ac.ir
1
admin
doi
fa
jalali
1395
12
1
gregorian
2017
3
1
3
2
online
1
fulltext
fa
اثربخشی گروهی آموزش درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر کاهش احساس تنهایی در سالمندان با سندرم آشیانه خالی
The effectiveness of Based on acceptance and commitment therapy education on reducing loneliness among the elderly with empty nest syndrome
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<p dir="RTL" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-autospace:none;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed;"><strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقدمه و هدف:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">افزایش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">طول</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عمر،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کیفیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زندگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">توانایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فرد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زندگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مستقل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تحت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تاثیر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">قرار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">داده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">او</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نیازمند</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مراقبت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">وحمایت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دیگران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نماید.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پژوهش با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هدف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اثربخشی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درمان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مبتنی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پذیرش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تعهد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کاهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">احساس تنهایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سالمندان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با سندرم آشیانه خالی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انجام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شد.</span></span></p>
<p dir="RTL" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-autospace:none;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed;"><strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مواد و روشها:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> روش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پژوهش،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نیمهآزمایشی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">طرح</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پیشآزمون</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پسآزمون</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گروه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کنترل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بود.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">جامعهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آماری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حاضر شامل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کلیهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مراجعه کنندگان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سالمند با سندرم آشیانه خالی </span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به مرکز مشاوره کلینیک مهرآور در تابستان 1395</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بود.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تعداد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">30</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نفر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">واجد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شرایط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شرکت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بودند</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">روش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نمونهگیری در دسترس</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انتخاب</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شیوهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تصادفی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دو</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گروه</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> ) </span></span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">15</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نفر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گروه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آزمایش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">15</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نفر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گروه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گواه</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">( </span></span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> جایگزین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شدند. 8</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">جلسهی</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> 90 </span></span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دقیقهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درمان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مبتنی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پذیرش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تعهد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">طی</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> 2 </span></span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ماه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گروه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آزمایش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">صورت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گروهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انجام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرفت.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تمام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شرکت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کنندهها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">قبل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بعد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درمان،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرسشنامهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">احساس تنهایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تکمیل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کردند. دادهها با استفاده از نرم افزار </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">SPSS</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">-22</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> و تحلیل واریانس چند متغیره (مانکوا) استفاده شد.</span></span></p>
<p dir="RTL" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-autospace:none;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed;"><strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یافتهها:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> نتایج</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نشان داد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درمان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مبتنی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پذیرش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تعهد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اثر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">معنیداری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">احساس تنهایی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(002/0</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">P=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، 63/11</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">F=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) </span></span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">باعث</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کاهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خرده مقیاس خانوادگی </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(003/0</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">P=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، 24/10</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">F=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)، خرده مقیاس عاطفی </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(001/0</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">P=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، 65/14</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">F=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) و خرده مقیاس دوستان </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(001/0</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">P=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، 50/13</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">F=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)</span></span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بین سالمندان با سندرم آشیانه خالی شده است</span></span></p>
<p dir="RTL" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-autospace:none;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed;"><strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نتیجهگیری:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> جدیترین خطری که هر فرد سالمند را تهدید میکند در انزوا قرار گرفتن او از سوی اطرافیان است. در این حالت شخص امکان ایجاد ارتباط صمیمی و نزدیک با دیگران را از دست میدهد. تنهایی به تدریج فرد سالخورده را دچار مشکلات روانی میکند.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نتیجه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">لزوم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کاربست درمانهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متمرکز بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مشکلات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خلقی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عاطفی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سالمندان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ویژه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کاهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">احساس</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تنهایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ضروری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">باشد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bmitra;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">.</span></span></span></p>
<p><strong>Introduction and purpose</strong>: Increased longevity, Quality of life and affects a person's ability to live independently and put him in need of the care and support of others. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Based on acceptance and commitment therapy to reduce loneliness in the elderly Empty nest syndrome was performed.</p>
<p><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> The research method was quasi with pretest-posttest with control group. Study population included all patients Empty Nest Syndrome Clinic Mehravar elderly counseling center was in the summer of 2016. A total of 30 people who were eligible for the study Using judgmental sampling method chosen and two groups randomly (15 experimental and 15 controls) were replaced. 8 sessions of 90 minutes based on acceptance and commitment therapy during 2 months for the experimental group was done as a group. All participants before and after treatment, loneliness questionnaire Completed. Data were analyzed using software SPSS-22 and multivariate (MANCOVA) was used.</p>
<p><strong>Findings</strong>: The results of multivariate analysis of variance (MANCOVA) showed Based on acceptance and commitment therapy had a significant effect on Loneliness (P =0.002, F =11.63) and Reduced in scale family (P =0.003, F = 10.24), Emotional subscale (P =0.001, F =14.65) and In scale Friends (P = 0.01, F =13.50) in Empty Nest Syndrome is among the elderly</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The most serious danger that threatens the isolated elderly individuals taking him by those around him. In this case, a person could create an intimate and close relationship loses. Gradually alone elderly person's mental health problems.Thus the need for application-focused treatments for mood disorders And emotional loneliness of the elderly in particular a reduction is necessary.</p>
<p></p>
درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد, احساس تنهایی,سندرم آشیانه خالی, سالمندان
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, loneliness, empty nest syndrome, elderly
89
102
http://jgn.medilam.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-246-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
N
fatollazadeh
نوشین
فتح اله زاده
nh.fatollazade@gmail.com
10031947532846003682
10031947532846003682
No
Islamic Azad University, Branch Rodehen, Rodehen, Iran
گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خمین
F
saadi
فاطمه
سعیدی
fatemehsaaidi@yahoo.com
10031947532846003683
10031947532846003683
No
Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch
دانشکده روانشناسی روانشناسی بالینی و مشاوره، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب
S
Ipchi
سیمین
ایپچی
s.ipakchi@gmail.com
10031947532846003684
10031947532846003684
No
Islamic Azad University, Branch Rodehen, Rodehen, Iran
، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن،
N
saadati
نادره
سعادتی
dr.nsaadati@gmail.com
10031947532846003685
10031947532846003685
No
Islamic Azad University, Branch Isfahan (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran
گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان
M
rostami
مهدی
رستمی
mehdi.rostami25@gmail.com
10031947532846003686
10031947532846003686
Yes
Islamic Azad University, Branch Science and Research, Tehran, Iran
گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران